Graphene and other 2D layered nanomaterials and hybrid structures: Synthesis, properties and applications

The field of two-dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials, their hybrid structures, and composite materials has been suddenly increasing since 2004, when graphene—almost certainly the most known 2D material—was successfully obtained from graphite via mechanical exfoliation. Since then, 2D crystals and layered nanomaterials have been more actively and widely involved in research, as shown by the growing number of scientific contributions.