Judicial Application of Commitment Decisions: from Gasorba to the Digital Markets Act

This chapter discusses the impact that commitment decisions, firstly introduced in the realm of EU competition law by Article 9 of Council Regulation (EC) 1/2003 and recently included also among the enforcement tools of the DMA, have had on public and private enforcement of EU competition rules. The chapter focuses on the application of commitment decisions by national courts and, in particular, on their evidential value in the context of follow-on actions brought by third parties to, inter alia, secure compliance with the commitments or seek damages in case of default